一(yi)、水土流失(shi)情況

我(wo)國是世界上水(shui)(shui)土(tu)(tu)流(liu)失為(wei)嚴重(zhong)的(de)國家之一(yi)，水(shui)(shui)土(tu)(tu)流(liu)失是我(wo)國頭號(hao)環(huan)境問題，尤(you)其黃土(tu)(tu)高原(yuan)為(wei)嚴重(zhong)。黃土(tu)(tu)高原(yuan)受到(dao)黃河的(de)侵蝕而被卷(juan)走大量(liang)的(de)土(tu)(tu)壤，形(xing)成千(qian)溝萬壑的(de)地(di)表形(xing)態，水(shui)(shui)土(tu)(tu)流(liu)失十(shi)分(fen)嚴重(zhong)。流(liu)失總量(liang)每年為(wei)16億噸,是黃河下(xia)游洪水(shui)(shui)泥沙(sha)災害(hai)的(de)主要根源。

二(er)、四(si)川水土保持(chi)預防監督(du)

預防監督的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)建設(she)項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)主要(yao)有(you)工(gong)(gong)業園區工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、城(cheng)市管網工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、房地產(chan)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、其他(ta)城(cheng)建工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、公路工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、鐵路工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、風(feng)電工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、輸變電工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、引調水(shui)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、堤防工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、蓄滯(zhi)洪區工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、其他(ta)小(xiao)型水(shui)利工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、加(jia)工(gong)(gong)制造類項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)、社會事業類項(xiang)目(mu)(mu)等(deng)有(you)可(ke)能(neng)造成水(shui)土流失的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)活動(dong)。

三、水土(tu)保持方案編(bian)報審批

生(sheng)產建設項目征占地面(mian)積在(zai)5公頃(qing)以(yi)(yi)上或者挖填土(tu)石(shi)方(fang)(fang)總量在(zai)5萬(wan)立方(fang)(fang)米(mi)以(yi)(yi)上應(ying)(ying)當編(bian)制水(shui)土(tu)保持(chi)方(fang)(fang)案(an)報(bao)告書(shu)；征占地面(mian)積在(zai)0.5公頃(qing)以(yi)(yi)上5公頃(qing)以(yi)(yi)下或者挖填土(tu)石(shi)方(fang)(fang)總量在(zai)1千立方(fang)(fang)米(mi)以(yi)(yi)上5萬(wan)立方(fang)(fang)米(mi)以(yi)(yi)下應(ying)(ying)編(bian)制水(shui)土(tu)保持(chi)方(fang)(fang)案(an)報(bao)告表(biao)。

水行政(zheng)主(zhu)管(guan)部門對水土(tu)(tu)(tu)保持(chi)方案(an)(an)(an)(an)報(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)書組(zu)織開(kai)展技術評(ping)審(shen)(shen)。實行承諾制管(guan)理的項目水土(tu)(tu)(tu)保持(chi)方案(an)(an)(an)(an)報(bao)(bao)告(gao)(gao)表，由生產建(jian)設單位從(cong)省級水行政(zheng)主(zhu)管(guan)部門水土(tu)(tu)(tu)保持(chi)方案(an)(an)(an)(an)..庫中自行選取至(zhi)少(shao)一名簽署(shu)是否同意(yi)意(yi)見，審(shen)(shen)批(pi)部門不再組(zu)織技術評(ping)審(shen)(shen)。由水行政(zheng)主(zhu)管(guan)部門備案(an)(an)(an)(an)管(guan)理。

四、水土保持(chi)補(bu)償費征收

生產建(jian)設(she)(she)活動中損壞水(shui)土(tu)保(bao)持設(she)(she)施和地貌植被(bei)，致使其(qi)水(shui)土(tu)保(bao)持功(gong)能(neng)喪失或(huo)者降(jiang)低，且(qie)不能(neng)恢(hui)復(fu)其(qi)原有水(shui)土(tu)保(bao)持功(gong)能(neng)的，都應繳(jiao)納水(shui)土(tu)保(bao)持補償費。根據（甘財(cai)稅〔2019〕14號）文(wen)件，對(dui)于一般性(xing)生產建(jian)設(she)(she)項(xiang)目，按(an)照征占用(yong)土(tu)地面積1.4元/㎡計征；對(dui)于取土(tu)、挖砂、采(cai)石，按(an)照1元/m3計征。項(xiang)目開工前(qian)或(huo)建(jian)設(she)(she)活動開始前(qian)一次(ci)性(xing)繳(jiao)納水(shui)土(tu)保(bao)持補償費。

五、水土(tu)保持監測監理(li)

編制水(shui)土(tu)保(bao)(bao)持方案報告(gao)書的(de)項(xiang)(xiang)目，應(ying)當依法開展水(shui)土(tu)保(bao)(bao)持監測(ce)(ce)工作。實行水(shui)土(tu)保(bao)(bao)持監測(ce)(ce)“綠黃(huang)紅”三色(se)評價，在(zai)監測(ce)(ce)季(ji)報和(he)總(zong)結報告(gao)等監測(ce)(ce)成果中(zhong)提出“綠黃(huang)紅”三色(se)評價結論。水(shui)行政主管部門(men)對監測(ce)(ce)評價結論為“紅”色(se)的(de)項(xiang)(xiang)目，納入重(zhong)監管對象。

六(liu)、水土保(bao)持(chi)設施(shi)自主驗收

水(shui)(shui)土(tu)(tu)(tu)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)竣(jun)工(gong)驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)應(ying)由項目法人組(zu)織(zhi)。自(zi)主(zhu)驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)完成后(hou)，應(ying)當提交水(shui)(shui)土(tu)(tu)(tu)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)鑒定書、水(shui)(shui)土(tu)(tu)(tu)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)報告(gao)(gao)和水(shui)(shui)土(tu)(tu)(tu)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)監(jian)測總結報告(gao)(gao)。其(qi)中(zhong)，實行承諾制(zhi)或(huo)者備(bei)案制(zhi)管(guan)理的項目，只需要(yao)提交水(shui)(shui)土(tu)(tu)(tu)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)鑒定書，其(qi)水(shui)(shui)土(tu)(tu)(tu)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)設(she)(she)施(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)收(shou)組(zu)中(zhong)應(ying)當有至少一名省級水(shui)(shui)行政主(zhu)管(guan)部門水(shui)(shui)土(tu)(tu)(tu)保(bao)持(chi)(chi)方(fang)案..庫..。

七、水土保持信用懲戒(jie)

實(shi)行(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)土保(bao)持(chi)信(xin)用(yong)監管。對(dui)生(sheng)產(chan)建設單(dan)(dan)位、水(shui)(shui)土保(bao)持(chi)技術(shu)服務單(dan)(dan)位、施工(gong)單(dan)(dan)位存(cun)在違法(fa)(fa)違規行(xing)(xing)為的，要(yao)根據情(qing)形(xing)列入水(shui)(shui)土保(bao)持(chi)“關注名單(dan)(dan)”或(huo)者“失信(xin)黑名單(dan)(dan)”，并在水(shui)(shui)利行(xing)(xing)業(ye)、國(guo)家和(he)地方信(xin)用(yong)信(xin)息平臺發布(bu)，對(dui)水(shui)(shui)土保(bao)持(chi)違法(fa)(fa)失信(xin)行(xing)(xing)為實(shi)行(xing)(xing)聯合懲(cheng)戒和(he)社會監督，讓(rang)違法(fa)(fa)主體“一處違法(fa)(fa)、處處受限”。

以上就是關于四川水土保持的介紹，你了解了嗎(ma)？